Ubale pakati pa mbale ya nsalu ya PCB ndi EMC
Guide: Ponena za vuto la kusinthira magetsi, vuto la mbale ya nsalu ya PCB sizovuta kwambiri, koma ngati mukufuna kukhazikitsa bolodi yabwino ya PCB, mphamvu yosinthira iyenera kukhala imodzi mwazovuta (mapangidwe a PCB siabwino, zomwe zingayambitse ziribe kanthu momwe mukuchotseratu zolakwika Zosinthazo zikuchotsa nsaluyo.Izi sizowopsa), chifukwa pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimaganizira mapepala a PCB a nsalu, monga magetsi, njira yopangira njira, zofunikira za chitetezo, zotsatira za EMC, ndi zina zotero. Zina mwazinthu, zamagetsi ndizofunika kwambiri, koma EMC ndiyovuta kuigwira.Kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito zambiri ndi vuto la EMC.Nkhaniyi igawana nanu ubale pakati pa bolodi la nsalu ya PCB ndi EMC kuchokera mbali 22.
- Dera lophika limatha kuchita modekha gawo la EMI la mapangidwe a PCB
Kukhudzika kwa dera lomwe lili pamwambapa pa EMC lingaganizidwe.Zosefera zolowera kumapeto zili pano;anti-strikes - umboni wamphamvu;kukana R102 kwa mphamvu yapano (yokhala ndi kutayika kwa relay);The Y capacitor yomwe imasefedwa ndi kusefa;fuse yomwe imakhudza bolodi lachitetezo;chipangizo chilichonse apa ndi chofunika kwambiri.Ndikoyenera kulawa mosamala ntchito ndi ntchito za chipangizo chilichonse.Dongosolo la mapangidwe likapangidwa, mulingo wovuta wa EMC umakhala wodekha komanso wodekha, monga kuyika magawo angapo a kusefa, kuchuluka ndi komwe kuli kuchuluka kwa ma capacitor a Y.Kusankhidwa kwa kukula kwa mphamvu yamagetsi kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi zomwe tikufuna pa EMC.Landirani aliyense kuti akambirane mabwalo omwe amawoneka ngati osavuta a EMI a gawo lililonse.
- 2.Circuit ndi EMC: (Zodziwika bwino za anti-gravity topology, onani malo ofunikira omwe ali ndi makina a EMC)
Magawo angapo ozungulira pachithunzi pamwambapa: kukhudzidwa kwa EMC ndikofunikira kwambiri (zindikirani kuti gawo lobiriwira silili).Mwachitsanzo, aliyense amadziwa kuti ma radiation a electromagnetic field radiation ndi danga, koma mfundo yaikulu ndiyo kusintha kwa maginito., Ndiko kuti, dera lozungulira la mphete mu dera.
Zamakono zimatha kupanga maginito, zomwe zimapanga mphamvu yamagetsi yokhazikika ndipo sizingasinthidwe kukhala magetsi.Mphamvu yamagetsi imatha kupanga maginito.Chifukwa chake onetsetsani kuti mwatcheru malo omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osinthika, ndiye kuti, amodzi mwamagwero a EMC.Pano pali gwero limodzi la EMC (mmodzi wa iwo pano, ndithudi, padzakhala mbali zina pambuyo pake), monga dera la madontho ozungulira, lomwe ndilo kutsegulira kwa chubu lotsegula kuti mutsegule chubu.Dongosolo la turbine lomwe latsekedwa sikuti limangosintha liwiro la chosinthiracho limatha kusintha momwe EMC imakhudzira, koma dera lozungulira nsalu limakhalanso ndi gawo lofunikira!Malupu ena awiriwo akuyamwa mphete ndi rectifier dera, choyamba mvetsetsani pasadakhale, ndiyeno kambiranani pambuyo pake.
- Chachitatu, mgwirizano pakati pa mapangidwe a PCB ndi EMC
1. Zotsatira za loop ya PCB pa EMC ndizofunikira kwambiri.Mwachitsanzo, anti-main mphamvu mphete dera, ngati lalikulu kwambiri, ma radiation adzakhala osauka.
2. Zosefera zopangira ma waya, fyuluta imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusefa kuti isokoneze, koma ngati PCB ili ndi waya woyipa, fyulutayo imatha kutaya mphamvu.
3. Zigawo zamapangidwe, osapanga bwino pansi pa radiator zidzakhudza, kutetezedwa kwa nthaka, ndi zina zotero;
4. Mbali yovutirapo ili pafupi kwambiri ndi gwero la kusokoneza.Mwachitsanzo, dera la EMI lili pafupi ndi chubu chosinthira, chomwe chidzatsogolera ku EMC yosauka ndikusowa malo odzipatula.
5. RC kuyamwa dera.
6. Y capacitor imayikidwa pansi ndi waya, ndipo malo a Y capacitor ndi ovuta.
Tiyeni tipereke chitsanzo chaching'ono pansipa:
Monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi pamwambapa, X -capacitor pin routing imakonzedwa mkati.Mukhoza kuphunzira kupanga capacitor pinki kukwera pulagi -in (pogwiritsa ntchito extrusion panopa).Mwanjira iyi, kusefa kwa X capacitor kumatha kukwaniritsa bwino kwambiri.
- 4. Kukonzekera kwa mapangidwe a PCB: (Kukonzekera ndi kokwanira, mapangidwe okhawo angapangidwe pang'onopang'ono kuti asawononge mapangidwe)
Pali pafupifupi mbali zotsatirazi.Zimaganiziridwa kuti ndondomeko yokonza idzaganiziridwa.Zonse zilibe kanthu kochita ndi maphunziro ena.Ndi chidule chabe cha zomwe zinamuchitikira.
1. Kukula kwa mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe, kuphatikizapo mabowo oyika, kuyendetsa mpweya wa mpweya, zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa zotulutsa, muyenera kufanana ndi dongosolo la makasitomala, komanso muyenera kulankhulana ndi kasitomala, zomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri.
2. Chitsimikizo cha chitetezo, mtundu wanji wa kutsimikizika kwa chinthucho, malo omwe amapanga zosungunulira komanso kukwera mtunda, ndi komwe angalimbikitse kutchinjiriza ndikusiya malowo.
3. ma CD kapangidwe: Kodi pali nthawi yapadera, monga makonda mbali ma CD kukonzekera.
4. Kusankhidwa kwa njira zogwirira ntchito: gulu limodzi lamagulu awiri osankhidwa, kapena bolodi lamitundu yambiri, kuwunika kokwanira molingana ndi chithunzithunzi ndi kukula kwa bolodi, mtengo ndi zowunika zina zonse.
5. Zofunikira zina zapadera kwa makasitomala.
Mpangidwe wamapangidwe udzakhala wosinthasintha.Malamulo achitetezo akadali okhazikika.Zomwe zitsimikizidwe zimachita, komanso zomwe chitetezo chili, ndithudi, palinso malamulo ena otetezera omwe ali ofala pamiyeso yambiri, koma palinso zinthu zina zapadera monga chithandizo chamankhwala.
Kuti zikhale zowoneka bwino, abwenzi a injiniya watsopano wolowera sakhala owoneka bwino.Nazi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.Zotsatirazi ndi zofunikira za bolodi la nsalu zomwe zidafotokozedwa mwachidule ndi IEC60065.Poganizira malamulo achitetezo, muyenera kukumbukira.Mukakumana ndi zinthu zinazake, muyenera kuthana nazo:
1. Mtunda wa mapepala a fusesi olowera ndi wamkulu kuposa 3.0mm.Chovala chenicheni cha nsalu chili pa 3.5mm (kungokwera mtunda wokwera mphamvu pa 3.5mm pamaso pa fusesi, ndiyeno kukwera mphamvu pa 3.0mm).
2. Malamulo a chitetezo asanayambe komanso pambuyo pa mlatho wokonzanso amafunika kukhala 2.0mm, ndipo mbale ya nsalu ndi 2.5mm.
3. Pambuyo pokonzanso, malamulo a chitetezo nthawi zambiri safuna zofunikira, koma chipinda chapamwamba ndi chochepa chamagetsi chimasiyidwa molingana ndi magetsi enieni, ndipo chizolowezi cha 400V ndi choposa 2.0mm.
4. Malamulo a chitetezo pa mlingo woyambirira ndi 6.4mm (kusiyana kwa magetsi), ndipo mtunda wokwera bwino umachokera ku 7.6mm (chidziwitso: izi zikugwirizana ndi mphamvu yeniyeni yolowera. kulola) .
5. Gwiritsani ntchito malo ozizira mu gawo loyamba ndikuzindikiritsa bwino;Chizindikiritso cha L, N, logo ya AC Input, logo ya fuse chenjezo, ndi zina zonse ziyenera kulembedwa bwino.
Aliyense ali ndi kukaikira za pamwamba, akhoza kukambirana ndi kuphunzira kwa wina ndi mzake.
Apanso, mtunda weniweni wa chitetezo umagwirizana ndi mphamvu yeniyeni yolowera ndi malo ogwira ntchito.Mawerengedwe enieni a tebulo amafunika.Deta imaperekedwa kuti iwonetsedwe kokha ndipo zochitika zenizeni zimagwirizana ndi zochitika zenizeni.
- 5. Malamulo achitetezo a PCB amaganiziranso zinthu zina
1. Mvetserani kutsimikizika kwa zinthu zanu, ndizinthu zotani, monga zachipatala, kulumikizana, magetsi, TV, ndi zina zambiri, koma pali malo ambiri ofanana.
2. Malo omwe chitetezo chili pafupi ndi bolodi la nsalu ya PCB, mvetsetsani zamtundu wa kutchinjiriza, zomwe ndizomwe zimapangidwira, zomwe zimawonjezera kutchinjiriza, komanso mtunda wosiyanasiyana wosiyanasiyana wosiyanasiyana.Ndi bwino kuyang'ana muyeso, ndipo mtunda wa magetsi umawerengedwa ndipo mtunda umakwera.
3. Yang'anani pa chipangizo chachitetezo cha chinthucho, monga ubale pakati pa thiransifoma maginito ndi malire oyamba.
4. Kutentha kwa kutentha ndi mtunda wozungulira, nthaka yolumikizidwa ndi radiator ndi yosiyana, nthaka siinali yofanana, nthaka idakali yozizira, ndipo kutentha kwa nthaka kumakhala kofanana.
5. Chisamaliro chapadera pa mtunda wa inshuwaransi, malo okhwima kwambiri amafunikira.Mtunda pakati pa fusesi ndi wofanana.
6. Y capacitor ndi kutayikira panopa, kukhudzana panopa ubale.
Kutsatira kudzafotokozera momwe mungasungire mtunda ndi momwe mungachitire zofunikira zachitetezo.
- 6. Mphamvu masanjidwe a PCB kapangidwe
1. Choyamba, yesani kukula kwa PCB kukula ndi chiwerengero cha zipangizo, kotero kuti wandiweyani, apo ayi ndi zolimba, ndipo n'zovuta kuona chidutswa cha sparseness.
2. Sinthani dera, kuyang'ana pa zipangizo zapakati, ndi mfundo ya chipangizo chofunika kuika chipangizo pa nthawi imodzi.
3. Chipangizocho ndi choyima kapena chopingasa.Imodzi ndi yokongola, ndipo ina ndikuthandizira mapulagi-mu ntchito.Mikhalidwe yapadera ingaganizidwe.
4. Pamene masanjidwe, muyenera kuganizira mawaya ndikuyiyika pamalo abwino kwambiri ndikuwongolera mzere wotsatira.
5. Pakukonza, malo a mphete amachepetsedwa momwe angathere, ndipo misewu inayi yaikulu ya mphete idzafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.
Kuti mukwaniritse mfundo zomwe zili pamwambazi, ndikofunikira kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, ndipo masanjidwe omveka bwino adzabadwa posachedwa.
Zotsatirazi ndi bolodi la PCB, lomwe liyenera kuphunzira kuchokera pamapangidwe ambiri:
Kuchulukana kwamphamvu kwachiwerengerochi kukadali kwakukulu.Pakati pawo, gawo lowongolera la LLC, gawo lothandizira, ndi BUCK circuit drive (high -power multi-road output) ali pa bolodi yaying'ono.
1. Malo olowera ndi kutulutsa ndi okhazikika komanso akufa.Sindingathe kusuntha.Bolodi ndi amakona anayi.Kodi kusankha waukulu mphamvu otaya?Pano, kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba, kuchokera kumanzere ndi kumanja kupita ku masanjidwe, kutentha kwa kutentha kumadalira chipolopolo.
2. Dera la EMI likadali bwino.Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri.Ngati zisokonezedwa, sizili bwino ku EMC.
3. Udindo wa ma capacitor akulu uyenera kuganiziridwa pa PFC loop ndi mphamvu yayikulu ya LLC.
4. Mphepete mwapang'onopang'ono wothandizira ndi wokulirapo.Pofuna kutenga panopa ndi kutentha kwa chitoliro cha rectifier, masanjidwewa amatengedwa.Chitoliro chokonzanso chili pamwamba.basi.
Gulu lirilonse liri ndi makhalidwe ake, ndipo ndithudi lili ndi zovuta zake.Momwe mungathetsere bwino ndiye chinsinsi.Kodi mukumvetsa tanthauzo la masanjidwe oyenera?
- 7. PCB chitsanzo kuyamikira
Malinga ndi masanjidwe a PCB a PCB yomwe idakambidwa kale, fufuzani bolodi ili, ngati ili m'malo, ndikuganiza kuti ndi malo abwinoko.Zoonadi, zolakwikazo zidzakhalapo nthawi zonse.Mukhozanso kumufunsira.Sizophweka, mukhoza kuphunzira kuchokera pa bolodi ili!Pambuyo pake, mudzafotokozeranso ndikuphunzira bolodi ili.Tiyeni tiyamike poyamba.
- 8. Misewu inayi ikuluikulu ya mphete ya mapangidwe a PCB (chofunikira pamapangidwe a PCB ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka mabwalo anayi akuluakulu a mphete)
Kuphatikiza apo, mphete yoyamwitsa (mayamwidwe a RCD ndi kuyamwa kwa RC kwa chubu cha MOS, kuyamwa kwa RC kwa mapaipi okonzanso) ndikofunikira kwambiri, komanso ndi lupu lomwe limapanga ma radiation apamwamba kwambiri.Ngati muli ndi mafunso pamwamba, ndinu olandiridwa kuti mukambirane.Malingana ngati ikufunsidwa ndi mafunso, kukambitsirana kuphunzira pamodzi kungapite patsogolo kwambiri!
