Ntchito zambiri za akatswiri a hardware zimatsirizidwa pa bolodi la dzenje, koma pali chodabwitsa cha kugwirizanitsa mwangozi ma terminals abwino ndi oipa a magetsi, omwe amatsogolera ku zigawo zambiri zamagetsi zomwe zimayaka, ndipo ngakhale bolodi lonse likuwonongedwa, ndipo liyenera kukhala welded kachiwiri, Sindikudziwa njira yabwino yothetsera izo?
Choyamba, kusasamala sikungalephereke, ngakhale kuti ndiko kusiyanitsa zabwino ndi zoipa mawaya awiri, wofiira ndi wakuda, akhoza kulumikizidwa kamodzi, sitidzalakwitsa; Kulumikizana khumi sikulakwika, koma 1,000? Nanga bwanji 10,000? Pa nthawi ino n'zovuta kunena, chifukwa cha kusasamala wathu, kutsogolera kwa zigawo zina pakompyuta ndi tchipisi kuwotchedwa, chifukwa chachikulu n'chakuti panopa kwambiri kazembe zigawo ndi wosweka, choncho tiyenera kuchitapo kanthu kupewa kugwirizana n'zosiyana. .
Pali njira zotsatirazi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
01 diode mndandanda wa anti-reverse chitetezo dera
Diode yakutsogolo imalumikizidwa motsatizana ndikuyika mphamvu yabwino kuti igwiritse ntchito mokwanira mawonekedwe a diode oyendetsa kutsogolo ndi reverse cutoff. Munthawi yanthawi zonse, chubu chachiwiri chimayendetsa ndipo komiti yoyang'anira dera imagwira ntchito.
Pamene magetsi asinthidwa, diode imadulidwa, magetsi sangathe kupanga chipika, ndipo bolodi la dera silikugwira ntchito, zomwe zingathetsere bwino vuto la magetsi.
02 Rectifier bridge type anti-reverse protection circuit
Gwiritsani ntchito mlatho wokonzanso kuti musinthe zolowetsa mphamvu kuti zikhale zopanda polar, kaya magetsi alumikizidwa kapena asinthidwa, bolodi imagwira ntchito bwino.
Ngati silicon diode ili ndi kutsika kwapakati pafupifupi 0.6 ~ 0.8V, diode ya germanium ilinso ndi kutsika kwapakati pafupifupi 0.2 ~ 0.4V, ngati kutsika kwamphamvu kuli kwakukulu, chubu cha MOS chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza anti-reaction, kutsika kwamphamvu kwa chubu cha MOS kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, mpaka mamiliohm angapo, ndipo kutsika kwapakati kumakhala kocheperako.
03 MOS chubu anti-reverse chitetezo dera
MOS chubu chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ndondomeko, katundu wake ndi zinthu zina, kukana kwake mkati kumakhala kochepa, ambiri ndi milliohm mlingo, kapena ngakhale ang'onoang'ono, kotero kuti dera voteji dontho, kutaya mphamvu chifukwa cha dera makamaka yaing'ono, kapena ngakhale osasamala. , kotero sankhani chubu la MOS kuti muteteze dera ndi njira yovomerezeka.
1) Chitetezo cha NMOS
Monga momwe tawonetsera pansipa: Panthawi yoyatsa mphamvu, diode ya parasitic ya chubu ya MOS imayatsidwa, ndipo dongosolo limapanga loop. Kuthekera kwa gwero la S kuli pafupifupi 0.6V, pomwe kuthekera kwa chipata G ndi Vbat. Mphamvu yotsegula ya chubu ya MOS ndi yochuluka kwambiri: Ugs = Vbat-Vs, chipata ndichokwera, ma ds a NMOS ali, diode ya parasitic ndi yochepa, ndipo dongosolo limapanga chipika kupyolera mu ds kupeza NMOS.
Ngati magetsi asinthidwa, pa-voltage ya NMOS ndi 0, NMOS imadulidwa, diode ya parasitic imasinthidwa, ndipo dera limachotsedwa, motero kupanga chitetezo.
2) Chitetezo cha PMOS
Monga momwe tawonetsera pansipa: Panthawi yoyatsa mphamvu, diode ya parasitic ya chubu ya MOS imayatsidwa, ndipo dongosolo limapanga loop. Kuthekera kwa gwero la S kuli pafupi ndi Vbat-0.6V, pamene kuthekera kwa chipata G ndi 0. Kutsegula kwa magetsi a MOS chubu ndipamwamba kwambiri: Ugs = 0 - (Vbat-0.6), chipata chimachita ngati mlingo wochepa. , ma ds a PMOS atsegulidwa, diode ya parasitic ndiyofupika, ndipo dongosololi limapanga lupu kudzera pa ds kupeza PMOS.
Ngati magetsi asinthidwa, pa-voltage ya NMOS ndi yaikulu kuposa 0, PMOS imadulidwa, diode ya parasitic imasinthidwa, ndipo dera limachotsedwa, motero kupanga chitetezo.
Chidziwitso: NMOS machubu zingwe ds ku negative elekitirodi, PMOS chubu chingwe ds ds zabwino elekitirodi, ndi parasitic diode mayendedwe ndi kulunjika kumene kulumikizidwa molondola.
Kufikira kwa mitengo ya D ndi S ya chubu cha MOS: nthawi zambiri chubu cha MOS chokhala ndi njira ya N chikagwiritsidwa ntchito, chomwe chilipo chimalowa kuchokera pamtengo wa D ndikutuluka pa S pole, ndipo PMOS imalowa ndi D kuchoka ku S. pole, ndipo zosiyana ndizowona zikagwiritsidwa ntchito muderali, mawonekedwe amagetsi a chubu cha MOS amakumana ndi kuwongolera kwa parasitic diode.
Chubu cha MOS chidzayatsidwa mokwanira bola ngati magetsi oyenera akhazikitsidwa pakati pa mitengo ya G ndi S. Pambuyo pakuchita, zimakhala ngati chosinthira chatsekedwa pakati pa D ndi S, ndipo chapano ndikukana komweko kuchokera ku D kupita ku S kapena S kupita ku D.
Pakugwiritsa ntchito, G pole nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi chopinga, ndipo pofuna kuteteza chubu la MOS kuti lisawonongeke, diode yowongolera magetsi imatha kuwonjezeredwa. Capacitor yolumikizidwa molumikizana ndi chogawa imakhala ndi zoyambira zofewa. Panthawi yomwe panopa ikuyamba kuyenda, capacitor imayendetsedwa ndipo mphamvu ya G pole imamangidwa pang'onopang'ono.
Kwa PMOS, poyerekeza ndi NOMS, Vgs imayenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa mphamvu yamagetsi. Chifukwa magetsi otsegulira amatha kukhala 0, kusiyana kwapakati pakati pa DS sikuli kwakukulu, komwe kuli kopindulitsa kuposa NMOS.
04 Chitetezo cha fuse
Zambiri zamagetsi zamagetsi zimatha kuwoneka mutatha kutsegula gawo lamagetsi ndi fuse, mumagetsi amasinthidwa, pali kagawo kakang'ono kozungulira chifukwa chamagetsi akuluakulu, ndiyeno fuseyo imawombedwa, imathandizira kuteteza dera, koma njira iyi kukonzanso ndikusintha kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-08-2023
