Capacitor ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapangidwe adera, ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimangokhala, chida chogwira chimangofunika mphamvu (yamagetsi) gwero la chipangizocho, popanda mphamvu (yamagetsi) gwero la chipangizocho .
Udindo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma capacitor nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamitundu yambiri, monga: gawo la bypass, decoupling, kusefa, kusungirako mphamvu; Pomaliza oscillation, kalunzanitsidwe ndi udindo wa nthawi zonse.
Dc kudzipatula: Ntchito yake ndikuletsa DC kudutsa ndikulola AC kudutsa.
Bypass (decoupling) : Imapereka njira yochepetsera pang'ono pazinthu zina zofananira mudera la AC.
Bypass capacitor: Bypass capacitor, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti decoupling capacitor, ndi chipangizo chosungira mphamvu chomwe chimapereka mphamvu ku chipangizo. Imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a frequency impedance ya capacitor, mawonekedwe afupipafupi a capacitor abwino momwe ma frequency amachulukira, kutsekeka kumachepa, monga dziwe, kumatha kupanga yunifolomu yotulutsa voteji, kuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwamagetsi. The bypass capacitor iyenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi pini yamagetsi ndi pini yapansi ya chipangizo chonyamula katundu, chomwe ndi chofunikira cha impedance.
Pojambula PCB, tcherani khutu ku mfundo yakuti kokha pamene ili pafupi ndi gawo lomwe lingathe kupondereza kukwera kwa nthaka ndi phokoso lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi magetsi ochulukirapo kapena kufalitsa zina. Kunena mosabisa, gawo la AC lamagetsi a DC limaphatikizidwa ndi magetsi kudzera pa capacitor, yomwe imagwira ntchito yoyeretsa magetsi a DC. C1 ndiye bypass capacitor pachithunzi chotsatirachi, ndipo chojambulacho chiyenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi IC1.
Decoupling capacitor: The decoupling capacitor ndi kusokonezedwa kwa chizindikiro chotulutsa ngati chinthu chosefera, cholumikizira cholumikizira chimakhala chofanana ndi batri, kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo wake ndi kutulutsa, kuti chizindikiro chokulirapo chisasokonezedwe ndi kusintha kwapano. . Kuthekera kwake kumadalira kuchuluka kwa siginecha komanso kuchuluka kwa kuponderezedwa kwa ma ripples, ndipo decoupling capacitor imagwira ntchito ya "batri" kuti ikwaniritse kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake ndikupewa kusokonezana pakati pawo.
The bypass capacitor kwenikweni ndi yolumikizidwa, koma bypass capacitor nthawi zambiri imatanthawuza njira yodutsa pafupipafupi, ndiko kuti, kukweza phokoso lakusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa njira yotulutsa yotsika kwambiri. The high-frequency bypass capacitance nthawi zambiri imakhala yaying'ono, ndipo ma frequency a resonant nthawi zambiri amakhala 0.1F, 0.01F, etc. Mphamvu ya decoupling capacitor nthawi zambiri imakhala yayikulu, yomwe ingakhale 10F kapena yokulirapo, kutengera magawo omwe amagawidwa muderali ndi kusintha kwa galimoto panopa.
Kusiyanitsa pakati pawo: kudutsa ndikusefa kusokonezedwa kwa chizindikiro cholowera ngati chinthu, ndipo kuchotserako ndikusefa kusokoneza kwa chizindikiro chotulutsa ngati chinthu choletsa chizindikiro chosokoneza kuti chibwererenso ku magetsi.
Kulumikizana: Kumagwira ntchito ngati kulumikizana pakati pa mabwalo awiri, kulola ma siginecha a AC kudutsa ndikufalikira kudera lina.
Capacitor imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chigawo chogwirizanitsa kuti atumize chizindikiro chakale ku siteji yotsiriza, ndikuletsa chikoka cham'mbuyo molunjika pamtunda womaliza, kotero kuti kusokoneza dera kumakhala kosavuta komanso ntchitoyo ikhale yokhazikika. Ngati kukulitsa chizindikiro cha AC sikusintha popanda capacitor, koma malo ogwirira ntchito pamagulu onse ayenera kukonzedwanso, chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa magawo akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, kukonza malo ogwirira ntchito kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, ndipo ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa misinkhu yambiri.
Zosefera: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pagawo, capacitor kumbuyo kwa CPU ndiye gawo ili.
Ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwafupipafupi f, kucheperako kwa impedance Z ya capacitor. Pamene otsika pafupipafupi, capacitance C chifukwa impedance Z ndi lalikulu, zizindikiro zothandiza akhoza kudutsa bwino; Pafupipafupi, capacitor C ndi yaying'ono kale chifukwa cha impedance Z, yomwe ili yofanana ndi phokoso laling'ono lafupipafupi la GND.
Zosefera zosefera: kuthekera koyenera, kukulira kwa mphamvu, kucheperako kocheperako, kumakwera pafupipafupi kodutsa. Ma capacitor a electrolytic nthawi zambiri amakhala opitilira 1uF, omwe amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu la inductance, chifukwa chake cholepheretsacho chimakhala chachikulu pambuyo pafupipafupi. Nthawi zambiri timawona kuti nthawi zina pali capacitance yaikulu electrolytic capacitor mofanana ndi capacitor yaing'ono, kwenikweni, capacitor yaikulu kupyolera mufupipafupi, mphamvu yaying'ono kupyolera mufupipafupi, kuti mutsegule bwino maulendo apamwamba ndi otsika. Kukwera kwafupipafupi kwa capacitor, kumachepetsa kwambiri, capacitor ili ngati dziwe, madontho ochepa a madzi sali okwanira kuti asinthe kwambiri, ndiko kuti, kusinthasintha kwa magetsi si nthawi yabwino pamene. voteji ikhoza kutsekedwa.
Chithunzi C2 Kulipiritsa Kutentha: Kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwa dera polipira zotsatira za kutentha kosakwanira kusinthasintha kwa zigawo zina.
Kusanthula: Chifukwa mphamvu ya capacitor yowerengera nthawi imatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa ma oscillation a mzere wa oscillator, mphamvu ya capacitor yanthawi imayenera kukhala yokhazikika komanso yosasinthika ndi kusintha kwa chinyezi cha chilengedwe, kuti apange ma frequency oscillation a mzere oscillator khola. Chifukwa chake, ma capacitor okhala ndi ma coefficients abwino komanso oyipa amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi kuti akwaniritse kutentha. Pamene kutentha kwa ntchito kumakwera, mphamvu ya C1 ikuwonjezeka, pamene mphamvu ya C2 ikuchepa. Mphamvu zonse za ma capacitor awiri molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu za ma capacitor awiri. Popeza mphamvu imodzi ikuwonjezeka pamene ina ikucheperachepera, mphamvu yonseyo sisintha. Mofananamo, pamene kutentha kumachepetsedwa, mphamvu ya capacitor imodzi imachepetsedwa ndipo ina ikuwonjezeka, ndipo mphamvu yonseyo imakhala yosasinthika, yomwe imakhazikika pafupipafupi oscillation ndikukwaniritsa cholinga cha chipukuta misozi.
Nthawi: Capacitor imagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi resistor kuti adziwe nthawi yokhazikika ya dera.
Pamene chizindikiro cholowetsa chikudumphira kuchokera kumunsi kupita kumtunda, dera la RC limalowetsedwera pambuyo pa buffering 1. Chikhalidwe cha capacitor kulipiritsa chimapangitsa kuti chizindikirocho chisadumphe nthawi yomweyo ndi chizindikiro cholowera, koma chimakhala ndi ndondomeko yowonjezera pang'onopang'ono. Ikakhala yayikulu mokwanira, chosungira 2 chimatembenuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muchedwe kudumpha kuchokera pansi kupita kumtunda pakutulutsa.
Nthawi zonse: Kutenga wamba RC mndandanda Integrated dera mwachitsanzo, pamene athandizira chizindikiro voteji ntchito kumapeto athandizira, voteji pa capacitor pang'onopang'ono amawuka. Kuthamanga kwamakono kumachepa ndi kukwera kwa voteji, resistor R ndi capacitor C zimagwirizanitsidwa motsatizana ndi chizindikiro cholowetsa VI, ndi chizindikiro chotulutsa V0 kuchokera ku capacitor C, pamene RC (τ) mtengo ndi kulowetsa square wave. m'lifupi tW kukumana: τ "tW", derali limatchedwa dera lophatikizika.
Kukonza: Kukonza mwadongosolo mabwalo omwe amadalira pafupipafupi, monga mafoni am'manja, mawailesi, ndi ma TV.
Chifukwa ma frequency a resonant a IC tuned oscillating circuit ndi ntchito ya IC, timapeza kuti chiŵerengero cha pazipita mpaka osachepera mafupipafupi afupipafupi a oscillating circuit amasiyana ndi muzu waukulu wa chiwerengero cha capacitance. The capacitance chiŵerengero pano akutanthauza chiŵerengero cha capacitance pamene n'zosiyana kukondera voteji ndi otsika kwambiri capacitance pamene n'zosiyana kukondera voteji ndi apamwamba. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe opindika a dera (ma frequency a bias-resonant) kwenikweni ndi parabola.
Rectifier: Kuyatsa kapena kuzimitsa chosinthira chotsekera chotsekeka panthawi yoyikidwiratu.
Kusunga mphamvu: Kusunga mphamvu yamagetsi kuti ituluke pakafunika kutero. Monga kung'anima kwa kamera, zida zotenthetsera, etc.
Nthawi zambiri, ma electrolytic capacitor adzakhala ndi gawo losungira mphamvu, kwa ma capacitor apadera osungira mphamvu, makina osungira mphamvu zamagetsi ndi ma capacitor amagetsi awiri ndi Faraday capacitors. Mawonekedwe ake akuluakulu ndi osungira mphamvu za supercapacitor, momwe ma supercapacitors ndi ma capacitors pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya zigawo ziwiri zamagetsi.
Pamene magetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito agwiritsidwa ntchito pa mbale ziwiri za supercapacitor, electrode yabwino ya mbale imasunga ndalama zabwino, ndipo mbale yolakwika imasunga ndalama zoipa, monga ma capacitor wamba. Pansi pa magetsi opangidwa ndi chiwongolero pa mbale ziwiri za supercapacitor, ndalama zotsutsana zimapangidwira pa mawonekedwe pakati pa electrolyte ndi electrode kuti agwirizane ndi gawo lamkati lamagetsi la electrolyte.
Izi mlandu zabwino ndi zoipa mlandu anakonza mu maudindo osiyana pa kukhudzana pamwamba pa magawo awiri osiyana ndi kusiyana lalifupi kwambiri pakati pa zabwino ndi zoipa mlandu, ndipo izi mlandu kugawa wosanjikiza amatchedwa awiri wosanjikiza magetsi, kotero mphamvu ya magetsi ndi yaikulu kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-15-2023
