Ngakhale vutoli siliyenera kutchulidwa kwa zoyera zakale zamagetsi, koma kwa abwenzi oyambira ma microcontroller, pali anthu ambiri omwe amafunsa funso ili. Popeza ndine woyamba, ndiyeneranso kufotokoza mwachidule zomwe relay ndi.
Relay ndi chosinthira, ndipo chosinthirachi chimayendetsedwa ndi koyilo mkati mwake. Ngati koyiloyo ili ndi mphamvu, relay imakoka ndipo chosinthira chimagwira ntchito.
Anthu ena amafunsanso kuti koyilo ndi chiyani? Onani chithunzi pamwambapa, pini 1 ndi 2 ndi mapini awiri a koyilo, pin 3 ndi pin 5 adutsa, pini 3 ndi 2 palibe. Mukalumikiza pin 1 ndi 2, mudzamva kuti relay ikutha, kenako pin 3 ndi 4 azizima.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kuwongolera mzerewo, mutha kuswa mwadala mzerewo, mbali imodzi imalumikizidwa ndi mapazi atatu, mbali ina imalumikizidwa ndi mapazi 4, ndiyeno mwa kuyatsa ndi kuyatsa koyilo. , mukhoza kulamulira pa-off pa mzere.
Kodi ndi magetsi ochuluka bwanji omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa pini 1 ndi pin 2 ya koyilo?
Vutoli liyenera kuyang'ana kutsogolo kwa relay yomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito, monga yomwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito pano, mutha kuwona kuti ndi 05VDC, kotero mutha kupereka 5V ku coil ya relay iyi, ndipo cholumikizira chidzajambula.
Momwe mungawonjezere magetsi a coil? Kenako tinafika pa mfundo.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito manja awiri mwachindunji kugwira waya wa 5V ndi GND molunjika ku zikhomo ziwiri za koyilo yopatsirana, mudzamva phokoso.
Ndiye timamupatsa mphamvu bwanji ndi microcontroller? Tikudziwa kuti pini imodzi ya chip microcomputer imatha kutulutsa 5V, kodi sichikulumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi coil ya chip microcomputer pini yolumikizirana, zili bwino?
Yankho ndiloti ayi. Ndichoncho chifukwa chiyani?
Akadali lamulo la Ohm.
Gwiritsani ntchito multimeter kuti muyese kukana kwa koyilo yopatsirana.
Mwachitsanzo, kukana kwa koyilo yanga yopatsirana ndi pafupifupi 71.7 ohms, ndikuwonjezera voteji ya 5V, yapano ndi 5 yogawidwa ndi 71.7 ndi pafupifupi 0.07A, yomwe ndi 70mA. Kumbukirani, kutulutsa kwakukulu kwa pini wamba ya chip chip microcomputer yathu ndi 10mA yapano, ndipo kutulutsa kwakukulu kwa pini yayikuluyi ndi 20mA yapano (izi zitha kutanthauza datha ya chip microcomputer imodzi).
Onani, ngakhale kuti ndi 5V, mphamvu zomwe zimachokera panopa ndizochepa, ndipo sizingathe kufika pakalipano pazitsulo zoyendetsa galimoto, choncho sizingayendetse mwachindunji kutumizirana.
Ndi pamene muyenera kulingalira chinachake. Mwachitsanzo, gwiritsani ntchito triode S8050 drive. Chithunzi chozungulira ndi motere.
Yang'anani pa databata ya S8050, S8050 ndi chubu cha NPN, kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwa ICE ndi 500mA, kukulirapo kuposa 70mA, kotero palibe vuto ndi S8050 drive relay.
Ngati muyang'ana chithunzi pamwambapa, ICE ndi yomwe ikuyenda kuchokera ku C kupita ku E, yomwe ili pakali pano pamzere ndi koyilo yopatsirana. NPN triode, apa pali chosinthira, MCU pini linanena bungwe 5V mkulu mlingo, ICE pa relay adzakokedwa; SCM pini yotulutsa 0V yotsika, ICE yadulidwa, kulandilako sikumakoka.
Momwemonso, valve ya solenoid imakhalanso yolemetsa yokhala ndi kukana pang'ono ndi mphamvu zazikulu, komanso m'pofunika kusankha zigawo zoyenera zoyendetsa galimoto molingana ndi njira ya lamulo la Ohm pamwambapa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-12-2023
